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Interview question · Identity, OAuth & Access Control

When is an API key acceptable, and when do you need OAuth?

API keys identify a caller; OAuth delegates a user's authority. The scored answer picks by who is acting and on whose behalf, and makes API keys as safe as they can be when used.

easyNewPreparation tags: Google, Amazon, MicrosoftUpdated Nov 2026

API keys identify a caller; OAuth delegates a user's authority. The scored answer picks by who is acting and on whose behalf, and makes API keys as safe as they can be when used.

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What would you say before reading the answer?

  1. 01 State the assumptions your answer depends on.
  2. 02 Explain the mechanism and choose a control.
  3. 03 Name a condition that would change your decision.

The worked answer includes an approach, scoring criteria and follow-up questions. Compare the reasoning with your own.

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What if · the follow-ups in this answer

The answer works through 6 follow-ups like an interviewer would

A partner integration uses a single API key with full access to a customer's account, shared by email during onboarding.

  1. When are API keys appropriate?
  2. Why is OAuth better for this partner integration?
  3. What is wrong with how the key was shared?
  4. If API keys must be used, how do you reduce risk?
  5. How would you migrate the partner?
  6. What would you recommend?

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